信心十足，准备战斗

There’s an old saying that no amount of training can prepare a soldier for their first experience of the battlefield. 他们相信，面对的声音, smells and sensations of combat are so far removed from ordinary life that, 在最好的情况下, new soldiers will be overwhelmed and make poor decisions. At worst, they might end up in a quivering mess on the floor.

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Training at large scale to stay confident and 读y

Thankfully, it’s a concept that is both outdated and inaccurate. There’s no question that combat is a highly challenging experience. But with the right preparation soldiers of all ranks can learn to keep their wits about them under fire. The secret is realistic training that acclimatises troops to the full range of sensations and decision-making situations that they will encounter in the field. Knowing what to expect and how to behave when they hit the ground provides individuals with confidence in their abilities, in their weapons and in the comrades around them. And that all makes for a greater chance of mission success.

So, what kinds of training experiences can create this battlefield 读iness? And how do they contribute to developing confident soldier?

为了真正的战斗准备, three of the most important factors are: realistic combat training scenarios, 功能准确的训练武器, and preparation for battle’s sensory experiences.

逼真的战斗场景

Practising marksmanship by shooting live rounds at a stationary target is a useful skill. But for building battle confidence, nothing beats a live-training exercise. Soldiers are deployed into real-world scenarios and divided into opposing forces, 比如红军和蓝军. 携带装有空弹的武器, they must contend with not only the ‘enemy’ but different terrains, 障碍和天气条件. 为了生存和成功, 他们需要与同龄人合作, 服从命令, execute strategies and engage and neutralise their opposition. 就像一场真正的战斗. The more often troops train and develop these skills, 使用它们就变得越自动, and the greater confidence individual soldiers feel.

Since the late 1970s, laser-guided training systems have been used to assist in this process. Soldiers wear sensors on their helmets and vests, and laser emitting devices are fitted to the barrels of their guns. When they pull the trigger on their weapons, a blank cartridge fires and a coded laser is emitted in the direction the barrel is pointing. 以这种方式, hits and misses against the enemy can be assessed and soldiers can learn from their successes and mistakes. 

功能准确的训练武器

Confidence in one’s weapon comes from understanding its range, its capabilities and what is needed to achieve an accurate shot. A soldier then knows what risks he or she can take –and which strategies are feasible. Unfortunately, not all laser-training systems are able to provide this confidence. Some branches of the world’s most powerful armed forces continue to use old-fashioned training systems where a ‘hit’ on an enemy is recorded as long as a soldier’s weapon is pointing at the enemy’s sensor when he or she pulls the trigger. 令人难以置信的, such systems assume that bullets and other rounds can travel at the speed of light, covering the hundreds of metres to the enemy in a few microseconds without the influence of gravity or wind. There’s no attention paid to the fact that the enemy might move before the round arrives.

Solutions like Saab’s BT46 two-way ballistic laser technology, with it’s latest generation Compact Ballistic Laser (CBL) on the other hand, are able to deliver a far more accurate weapons experience. Our offering has the same convenience as other laser systems but, thanks to gyros and computers is able to calculate the true ballistics of each round, factoring in variables such as flight time, 风向, temperature and the movement of the target. A ‘hit’ is only recorded if the soldier or gunner has correctly factored in these variables. This means soldiers can have full confidence in their training.

Another beauty of the system is that data can be extracted during and after the staging of a training exercise. 以这种方式, soldiers can find out where they succeeded and where they failed – and learn from their mistakes. Similar analysis can be made at the levels such as squad, section and platoon.

逼真的感官体验 

Battlefields are typically full of intense sensory experiences. 视情况而定, troops will be exposed to noises including the retorts of their own rifles, the back blast of their shoulder-fired weapons, 引爆敌人炮弹, 飞机在头顶咆哮, and potentially the screams of wounded civilians and comrades. Bullets from enemy small arms fire may be continually whizzing past. There are often powerful smells from burning vehicles and buildings, and sometimes putrefying bodies. Light and dark smoke and fog and mist can obscure vision.

Achieving true battlefield confidence in troops means exposing them to these kinds of sensory experiences beforehand. 以这种方式, they can take them in their stride.

Saab provides a range solutions to help achieve this desensitisation in live training scenarios. When assisting in the coordination to exercises, we can pump in smokes of different colours into the battlefield, creating a new variable for soldiers to address. Battle smells can also be pumped such as burning rubber and plastic. Blank cartridges in individual soldiers’ guns mimic the retort of live rounds.
For live-fire training exercises where real ammunition is used, our mechanical targets can mimic the sounds and sights of return fire, reminding participants to always seek cover. Our virtual weapons trainers for indoor use also strive to achieve the highest degree of sensory realism. Pressurised air is used to simulate the recoil of the weapons.

结论

总之, today there is no need to send soldiers into battle unprepared for the confronting sensory and emotional experience waiting them. 通过先进的使用, 逼真的训练技巧, soldiers of all levels can arrive at their first battle, 既经验丰富又久经沙场.